Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883) "Das KapitallCapital" (1867-1895) is the fundamental text of Marxist economics, and his systematic theses on class struggle, history, and the importance of economic factors in politics have exercised an enormous influence on later thinkers and political activists.
Biography:
The son of a lawyer, he was born in Trier, and studied law and philosophy at Bonn and Berlin. During (1842-1843), he edited the Rhemische Zeitung/Rhineland Newspaper until its suppression.
In 1844 he began his life-long collaboration with Engels, with whom he developed the Marxist philosophy, first formulated in their joint works, Die heilige Familie/The Holy Family in 1844, and Die deutsche Ideologic/German Ideology in 1846 (which contains the theory demonstrating the ma
terial basis of all human activity: "Life is not determined by consciousness, but consciousness by life"), and Marx's Misere de la philosophie/Poverty of Philosophy in 1847.
Both joined the Communist League, a German refugee organization, and in 1847-1848 they prepared its programme, The Manifesto. During the 1848 revolution Marx edited the Neue Rheinische ZeitunglNew Rhineland Newspaper, until he was expelled from Prussia in 1849.
He then settled in London, where he wrote Die Klassenkampfe in Frankreichi'Class Struggles in France in 1849, Die Achtzehnte Brumaire des Louis Bonaparte/ The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte in 1852, Zur Kriak der politischen Okonomie/Critique of Political Economy in 1859, and his monumental work Das Kapital/Capital.
In 1864 the International Working Men's Association was formed, whose policy Marx, as a member of the general council, largely controlled. Although he showed extraordinary tact in holding together its diverse elements, it collapsed in 1872 due to Marx's disputes with the anarchists, including Bakunin. The second and third volumes of Das Kapital were edited from his notes by Engels, and published posthumously. Marx was buried at Highgate, London.
Marx's philosophical work owes much to the writings of Hegel, although he rejected Hegel's idealism, and was influenced by Feuerbach and Hess.
Why is Karl Marx famous?
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and social theorist, whose account of change through conflict is known as historical, or dialectical, materialism.
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